| 王娟,李晓晶,郭万军.童年逆境与抑郁的关联：累积效应、敏感窗口及与后期环境的交互作用[J].四川精神卫生杂志,2026,(2):106-111.Wang Juan,Li Xiaojing,Guo Wanjun,Relationship between childhood adversity and depression： cumulative effects， sensitive windows， and interactions with later environments[J].SICHUAN MENTAL HEALTH,2026,(2):106-111 |
| 童年逆境与抑郁的关联：累积效应、敏感窗口及与后期环境的交互作用 |
| Relationship between childhood adversity and depression： cumulative effects， sensitive windows， and interactions with later environments |
| 投稿时间：2026-02-05 |
| DOI：10.11886/scjsws20260205002 |
| 中文关键词: 童年逆境 早期逆境 压力性生活事件 抑郁 精神病理症状 |
| 英文关键词:Childhood adversity Early life adversity Stressful life events Depression Psychopathological symptoms |
| 基金项目:浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”科技计划项目（项目名称：重大脑疾病新型调控技术及综合诊治策略研究-抑郁障碍新型调控技术及综合诊治策略研究，项目编号：2024C03006） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 童年逆境是个体全生命周期出现抑郁症状或罹患抑郁障碍的风险因素，但现有研究多聚焦于单一理论视角下童年逆境与抑郁的关联分析，尚缺乏对其多重作用路径的整合性认识。本文通过系统梳理风险累积模型、敏感期模型、近因模型、风险链模型、应激致敏、应激放大、应激接种等假说以及新兴的青春期压力再校准假说，构建了整合性的理论框架来阐释各理论模型间的内在逻辑协同，并通过回顾相关实证研究证据，剖析了不同理论模型在解释抑郁障碍病理机制中的适用性与局限性。现有证据提示，童年逆境对精神病理风险的影响可能是由童年逆境暴露时间、累积负荷、生物系统的响应边界以及后期环境修饰共同作用下的复杂动力学过程驱动的。未来研究应利用纵向队列与多模态数据，在统一分析框架下综合考察童年逆境影响抑郁风险的多重路径，从而为精准识别高风险人群、以青春期为代表的“再校准窗口”、开发针对性的干预策略以及尽早阻断早期逆境的级联效应提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Childhood adversity is a risk factor for developing depressive symptoms or suffering from depressive disorders across the life course. However， existing evidence has focused on the analysis of the association between childhood adversity and depression from a single theoretical perspective， and there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of its multiple action pathways. By systematically summarizing the cumulative risk model， sensitive-period model， recency model， risk chain model， and the stress sensitization， stress amplification， and stress inoculation hypotheses， as well as the emerging pubertal stress recalibration hypothesis， this article attempts to construct an integrated theoretical framework to elucidate the internal logical synergy among these models. Furthermore， by reviewing relevant empirical evidence， this article analyzes the applicability and limitations of different theoretical models in illustrating the underlying psychopathological mechanisms of depression. The current evidence suggests that the impact of childhood adversity on the risk of psychopathology may be driven by a complex dynamic process involving the interaction of exposure timing， cumulative load， response boundaries of biological systems， and modification by later environments. Future research should utilize longitudinal cohorts and multimodal data within a unified analytical framework to comprehensively examine the multiple pathways through which childhood adversity affects the risk of depression. This will provide a reference for precisely identifying high-risk populations， targeting "recalibration windows" represented by adolescence， developing focused intervention strategies， and ultimately blocking the cascading effects of early life adversity as early as possible. ［Funded by the "Pioneer" and "Leading Goose" R&D program of Zhejiang Province （number， 2024C03006）］ |
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