| 胡纯严,胡良平.如何正确运用χ2检验——对数秩检验与SAS实现[J].四川精神卫生杂志,2021,34(6):498-503.Hu Chunyan,Hu Liangping,How to use χ2 test correctly——the log-rank test and the implementation of SAS software[J].SICHUAN MENTAL HEALTH,2021,34(6):498-503 |
| 如何正确运用χ2检验——对数秩检验与SAS实现 |
| How to use χ2 test correctly——the log-rank test and the implementation of SAS software |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-10 |
| DOI：10.11886/scjsws20211110005 |
| 中文关键词: 对数秩检验 生存资料 删失数据 独立性检验 χ2分布 |
| 英文关键词:Log-rank test Survival data Censored data Independent test χ2 distribution |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文目的是介绍对数秩检验与SAS实现。对数秩检验的检验统计量有多种不同的表达形式，其中，最常见的表达形式有两种：第一种，类似于“Pearson’s拟合优度χ2检验统计量”；第二种，类似于“高维表资料优势比齐性检验统计量，即Breslow-Day’s χ2检验统计量”。对数秩检验统计量具有两种分布类型：χ2分布和标准正态分布。在构造对数秩检验统计量的过程中需注意四个方面的内容：①以个体的“生存时间”大小排序后分层或分区形成序贯的多张四格表资料；②注意区分“每个个体的生存时间”是完整数据还是删失数据；③仅计算每张四格表资料中特定网格［例如（1，1）网格］上的“理论或期望频数”；④计算理论频数的方法有别于四格表资料独立性检验时计算理论频数的方法。本文基于具有不同数据结构的两个实例并借助SAS软件实现对数秩检验。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The purpose of this article was to introduce the log-rank test and the SAS implementation. There were many different expression forms for the test statistics of the log-rank tests. Among them， there were two most common expression forms： the first was similar to "Pearson?s goodness-of-fit χ2 test statistic"； the second was similar to "the test statistic of the odds ratio of high-dimensional table data， that was， the Breslow-Day?s χ2 test statistic". The log-rank test statistic had two distribution types， one was the χ2 distribution， the other was the standard normal distribution. In the process of constructing log-rank test statistics， there were four contents that needed to be paid attention to： ① the sequential multiple four-fold tables formed by stratification or partition after sorting according to the individual "survival time"； ② it was necessary to distinguish whether the "survival time of each individual" was the complete data or the censored data； ③ only the calculation of the "theoretical or expected frequency" on a specific grid ［for example， （1，1） grid］ in each four-fold table data； ④ the method of calculating the theoretical frequency was different from the one in the independent test of the data of the four-fold table. Based on two examples with the different data structures， the paper realized the log-rank tests with the help of the SAS software. |
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